1 In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years.

And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.

And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael, all their days.

And Jehoahaz besought the Lord, and the Lord hearkened unto him: for he saw the oppression of Israel, because the king of Syria oppressed them.

(And the Lord gave Israel a saviour, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians: and the children of Israel dwelt in their tents, as beforetime.

Nevertheless they departed not from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, who made Israel sin, but walked therein: and there remained the grove also in Samaria.)

Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.

Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.

10 In the thirty and seventh year of Joash king of Judah began Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years.

11 And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord; he departed not from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel sin: but he walked therein.

12 And the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might wherewith he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

13 And Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat upon his throne: and Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel.

14 Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he died. And Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof.

15 And Elisha said unto him, Take bow and arrows. And he took unto him bow and arrows.

16 And he said to the king of Israel, Put thine hand upon the bow. And he put his hand upon it: and Elisha put his hands upon the king's hands.

17 And he said, Open the window eastward. And he opened it. Then Elisha said, Shoot. And he shot. And he said, The arrow of the Lord's deliverance, and the arrow of deliverance from Syria: for thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.

18 And he said, Take the arrows. And he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel, Smite upon the ground. And he smote thrice, and stayed.

19 And the man of God was wroth with him, and said, Thou shouldest have smitten five or six times; then hadst thou smitten Syria till thou hadst consumed it: whereas now thou shalt smite Syria but thrice.

20 And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year.

21 And it came to pass, as they were burying a man, that, behold, they spied a band of men; and they cast the man into the sepulchre of Elisha: and when the man was let down, and touched the bones of Elisha, he revived, and stood up on his feet.

22 But Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz.

23 And the Lord was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither cast he them from his presence as yet.

24 So Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his stead.

25 And Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Benhadad the son of Hazael the cities, which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Three times did Joash beat him, and recovered the cities of Israel.

Commentary

Verse 1

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
McArther Bible Commentary
twenty-third year. B.C. Joash of Judah began his reign in 835 B.C. (see note on 2Ki 12:1) and Jehu of Israel died in 814 B.C. (see note on 2Ki 10:36). Thus the twenty-third year of Joash of Judah was calculated according to the non-accession-year system (see notes on 2Ki 12:6; 2Ki 13:10). seventeen years. 814-798 B.C., i.e., part of seventeen calendar years, with the actual reign counted as sixteen years.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 12:21 2 Kings 13:2

Verse 2

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
McArther Bible Commentary
Jeroboam. For his sins, see notes on 1Ki 12:25-32. This description of Jeroboam as one who "made Israel sin" occurs in verses 2Ki 13:6, 2Ki 13:11; 2Ki 3:3; 2Ki 10:29, 2Ki 10:31; 2Ki 14:24; 2Ki 15:9, 2Ki 15:18, 2Ki 15:24, 2Ki 15:28; 2Ki 17:21-22; 1Ki 14:16; 1Ki 15:30; 1Ki 16:31.
Bible Cross References
1 Kings 12:26 2 Kings 13:1 2 Kings 13:6

Verse 3

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
McArther Bible Commentary
Hazael. See notes on 2Ki 8:8-15. Ben-Hadad. Either Ben-Hadad II or, more likely, III (see note on 1Ki 15:18). His reign as king of Syria began c. 801 B.C. The length of his rule is unknown.
Bible Cross References
Judges 2:14 1 Kings 19:17 2 Kings 8:12 2 Kings 12:17 2 Kings 13:24 2 Kings 13:25 Jeremiah 49:27 Amos 4:10

Verse 4

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
Bible Cross References
Exodus 3:7 Exodus 3:9 Numbers 21:7 2 Kings 14:26

Verse 5

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
McArther Bible Commentary
a deliverer. The deliverer was not specifically named. This deliverer was: (1) the Assyrian king Adad-Nirari III (c. 810-783 B.C.), whose attack on the Syrians enabled the Israelites to break Syria's control over Israelite territory (see 2Ki 13:25; 2Ki 14:25); or (2) Elisha who, as the leader of Israel's military successes (see 2Ki 13:14; cf. 2Ki 6:13, 2Ki 13:16-23), commissioned Joash to defeat the Syrians (2Ki 13:15-19); or (3) Jeroboam II (c. 793-753 B.C.), who was able to extend Israel's boundaries back into Syrian territory (2Ki 14:25-27).
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:25 2 Kings 14:25 2 Kings 14:27 Nehemiah 9:27 Esther 4:14

Verse 6

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
The grove - Which Ahab had planted for the worship of Baal, and which should have been destroyed, (Deuteronomy 7:5) .
McArther Bible Commentary
sins … of Jeroboam. See note on verse 2Ki 13:2. wooden image. This idol representing Asherah, a Canaanite goddess and a consort of Baal, had been set up by Ahab (1Ki 16:33) and had escaped destruction by Jehu when he purged Baal worship from Samaria (2Ki 10:27-28). Along with the other idolatrous religion of Jeroboam II, there were still remnants of Baal worship in the Northern Kingdom.
Bible Cross References
1 Kings 16:33 2 Kings 13:2

Verse 7

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
He - The king of Syria. People - Of his army, or men of war.
McArther Bible Commentary
the army. Syria was able to dominate Israel militarily because the Lord had left Jehoahaz only a small army with very few chariots. dust at threshing. The army of Israel was so inconsequential, particularly when compared to the armies of Syria and Assyria, that it was likened to the dust left over after grain had been winnowed at a threshing floor.
Bible Cross References
2 Samuel 22:43 2 Kings 8:12 2 Kings 13:8 Amos 1:3 Amos 4:10

Verse 8

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
His might - For though his success was not good, he shewed much personal valour. Which is noted to intimate, that the Israelites were not conquered, because of the cowardice of their king, but merely from the righteous judgment of God, who was now resolved to reckon with them for their apostacy.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:7 2 Kings 13:9

Verse 9

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Reign of Jehoahaz.
It was the ancient honour of Israel that they were a praying people. Jehoahaz, their king, in his distress, besought the Lord; applied himself for help, but not to the calves; what help could they give him? He sought the Lord. See how swift God is to show mercy; how ready to hear prayer; how willing to find a reason to be gracious; else he would not look so far back as the ancient covenant Israel had so often broken, and forfeited. Let this invite and engage us for ever to him; and encourage even those who have forsaken him, to return and repent; for there is forgiveness with him, that he may be feared. And if the Lord answer the mere cry of distress for temporal relief, much more will he regard the prayer of faith for spiritual blessings.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:8 2 Kings 13:10

Verse 10

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
McArther Bible Commentary
thirty-seventh year. C. 798 B.C. Joash of Judah began his reign in 835 B.C. (see note on 2Ki 12:1). There is a change here to the accession-year system of dating for the reign of Joash of Judah (see note on 2Ki 13:1). This explains how Jehoahaz of Israel could reign sixteen years with only a fifteen-year advance on Joash of Judah's regnal years (cf. 2Ki 13:1). Jehoash. This king of Israel had the same name as his contemporary, the king of Judah (see note on 2Ki 11:21). sixteen years. 798-782 B.C.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:9 2 Kings 13:11 2 Kings 14:1

Verse 11

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:10 2 Kings 13:12

Verse 12

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
McArther Bible Commentary
fought against Amaziah. See notes on 2Ki 14:8-14.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:11 2 Kings 13:13 2 Kings 13:14 2 Kings 14:8 2 Kings 14:15

Verse 13

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:12 2 Kings 13:14 2 Kings 14:15 Hosea 1:1

Verse 14

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Fallen sick, &c. - He lived long: for it was sixty years since he was first called to be a prophet. It was a great mercy to Israel and especially to the sons of the prophets, that he was continued so long, a burning and a shining light. Elijah finished his testimony, in a fourth part of that time. God's prophets have their day set them, longer or shorter, as infinite wisdom sees fit. But all the latter part of his time, from the anointing of Jehu, which was forty five years before Joash began his reign, we find no mention of him, or of any thing he did, 'till we find him here upon his death bed. Yet he might be useful to the last, tho' not so famous as he had sometimes been.
McArther Bible Commentary
Elisha. The last previous reference to Elisha the prophet was in 2Ki 9:1 when Jehu was anointed king of Israel. Since Jehu and Jehoahaz reigned from 841-798 B.C. (see notes on 2Ki 10:36; 2Ki 13:1), nothing was recorded for over forty years of Elisha's life. Elisha began ministering with Elijah during the kingship of Ahab c. 874-853 B.C. (1Ki 19:19-21) and so must have been over seventy years of age when these final events of his life took place. my father. Jehoash humbly voiced his great respect for Elisha and his dependence on his counsel (see note on 2Ki 2:12). the chariots of Israel and their horsemen! Jehoash acknowledged by this metaphor that the Lord, through Elisha, was the real strength and power of Israel against all her adversaries (see note on 2Ki 2:11).
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 2:12 2 Kings 13:12 2 Kings 13:13 2 Kings 13:15

Verse 15

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:14 2 Kings 13:16

Verse 16

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
McArther Bible Commentary
Elisha put his hands on the king's hands. This symbolic act indicated that Jehoash would exert power against the Syrians that came from the Lord through His prophet.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:15 2 Kings 13:17

Verse 17

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Eastward - Toward Syria, which lay north - eastward, from the land of Israel: this arrow is shot against the Syrians, as a token what God intended to do against them.
McArther Bible Commentary
east window. This window opened toward the east to the Transjordan region controlled by Syria (2Ki 10:32-33). The arrow of the Lord's deliverance. When Jehoash obeyed Elisha by shooting an arrow out the window, the prophet interpreted the meaning of the action. The shot symbolized the Lord's deliverance for Israel through the defeat of the Syrian army by Jehoash (cf. 2Ki 13:5). Aphek. See note on 1Ki 20:26.
Bible Cross References
Joshua 12:18 1 Kings 20:26 2 Kings 13:16 2 Kings 13:18

Verse 18

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Smite - The former sign portended victory, this was to declare the number of the victories.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 13:17 2 Kings 13:19 2 Kings 13:25

Verse 19

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Jehoash, king of Israel, Elisha dying.
Jehoash, the king, came to Elisha, to receive his dying counsel and blessing. It may turn much to our spiritual advantage, to attend the sick-beds and death-beds of good men, that we may be encouraged in religion by the living comforts they have from it in a dying hour. Elisha assured the king of his success; yet he must look up to God for direction and strength; must reckon his own hands not enough, but go on, in dependence upon Divine aid. The trembling hands of the dying prophet, as they signified the power of God, gave this arrow more force than the hands of the king in his full strength. By contemning the sign, the king lost the thing signified, to the grief of the dying prophet. It is a trouble to good men, to see those to whom they wish well, forsake their own mercies, and to see them lose advantages against spiritual enemies.
McArther Bible Commentary
three times. Further, Elisha commanded Jehoash to shoot the remaining arrows into the ground (2Ki 13:18). Jehoash shot only three arrows into the ground instead of emptying the entire quiver. Because of his lack of faith, Jehoash would win only three victories over the Syrians instead of completely destroying them. The account of these victories is given in verse 2Ki 13:25.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 5:20 2 Kings 13:18 2 Kings 13:25 Jeremiah 48:10

Verse 20

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Moabites invaded - The mentioning this immediately on the death of Elisha intimates, that the removal of God's faithful prophets, is a presage of judgments approaching.
McArther Bible Commentary
spring. The prophet, who was Israel's defense (2Ki 13:14), was dead and it was the season for war campaigns to begin after the rains of winter.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 3:7 2 Kings 5:2 2 Kings 24:2

Verse 21

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
He revived - Which miracle God wrought, to do honour to that great prophet, and that by this seal he might confirm his doctrine, to strengthen the faith of Joash, and of the Israelites, in this promise of their success against the Syrians; and in the midst of all their calamities to comfort such Israelites as were Elisha's followers, with the hopes of eternal life, whereof this was a manifest pledge, and to awaken the rest of that people to a due care and preparation for it.
McArther Bible Commentary
he revived. A dead man returned to life after touching Elisha's bones. This miracle was a sign that God's power continued to work in relationship to Elisha even after his death. What God had promised to Jehoash through Elisha when he was alive would surely come to pass after the prophet's death (cf. 2Ki 13:19, 2Ki 13:25) in the defeat of the enemy, the recovery of the cities that had been taken, and their restoration to the kingdom of Israel (2Ki 13:22-25).
Bible Cross References
Matthew 27:52 2 Kings 13:22

Verse 22

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
McArther Bible Commentary
See note on 2Ki 8:12.
Bible Cross References
1 Kings 19:17 2 Kings 8:12 2 Kings 8:13 2 Kings 10:32

Verse 23

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Had compassion - The slowness of God's process against sinners even when they remain impenitent must be construed to the advantage of his mercy, not the impeachment of his justice.
McArther Bible Commentary
His covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. During the wicked reign of Jehoahaz (2Ki 13:2-7), the Lord was very patient and did not bring the ultimate military defeat that would lead to exile for Israel. This was because of His agreement with the patriarchs to give their descendants the land (Gen 15:18-21; Gen 26:2-5; Gen 28:13-15). It was God's promise, not the Israelites' goodness, that motivated God to be merciful and compassionate toward Israel.
Bible Cross References
Genesis 13:16 Genesis 13:17 Genesis 17:2 1 Kings 8:28 2 Kings 13:24 2 Kings 14:27 Psalm 51:11

Verse 24

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
Bible Cross References
1 Kings 15:18 2 Kings 13:3 2 Kings 13:23 2 Kings 13:25

Verse 25

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Elisha's death, The victories of Jehoash.
God has many ways to chastise a provoking people. Trouble comes sometimes from that point whence we least feared it. The mention of this invasion on the death of Elisha, shows that the removal of God's faithful prophets is a presage of coming judgments. His dead body was a means of giving life to another dead body. This miracle was a confirmation of his prophecies. And it may have reference to Christ, by whose death and burial, the grave is made a safe and happy passage to life to all believers. Jehoash was successful against the Syrians, just as often as he had struck the ground with the arrows, then a stop was put to his victories. Many have repented, when too late, of distrusts and the straitness of their desires.
Bible Cross References
2 Kings 10:32 2 Kings 10:33 2 Kings 13:3 2 Kings 13:5 2 Kings 13:18 2 Kings 13:19 2 Kings 13:24 2 Kings 14:25