1 And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,

And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?

And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:

The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?

And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?

But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.

And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.

And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.

Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.

10 And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.

11 And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.

12 And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.

13 Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.

14 But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.

15 So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?

16 He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.

17 And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?

18 Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.

19 And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.

20 And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.

21 And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:

22 Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24 Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

25 And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.

26 And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.

27 Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,

28 Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

29 There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

30 And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.

31 And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.

32 Last of all the woman died also.

33 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.

34 And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:

35 But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:

36 Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.

37 Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.

38 For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.

39 Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.

40 And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.

41 And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David's son?

42 And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

43 Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

44 David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?

45 Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,

46 Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;

47 Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.

Commentary

Verse 1

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 21:23) ; (Mark 11:27) .
McArther Bible Commentary
one of those days. Probably Tuesday of Passion Week. The triumphal entry was on Sunday, and the cleansing of the temple on Monday. The events in this chapter best fit Tuesday in the chronology of that week. This chapter features a series of carefully coordinated attacks on Christ by the Jewish leaders. chief priests … scribes … elders. See note on Luk 19:47. Each of these groups played a unique role in the various attacks that follow. Each was also represented in the Sanhedrin, the Jewish council (see note on Mat 26:59)-suggesting that the council had met to orchestrate the attack against Him. Their attacks came in the form of a series of questions designed to entrap Jesus (see notes on Luk 20:2, Luk 20:22, Luk 20:33).
Bible Cross References
Matthew 21:23 Matthew 26:55 Mark 11:27 Luke 8:1 Luke 19:48 Luke 20:2 Acts 4:1 Acts 6:12

Verse 2

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
McArther Bible Commentary
See notes on Mat 21:23, Mat 21:25.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:1 Luke 20:3

Verse 3

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:2 Luke 20:4

Verse 4

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:3 Luke 20:5

Verse 5

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
McArther Bible Commentary
Why then did you not believe him? John had clearly testified that Jesus was the Messiah. If John was a prophet whose words were true, they ought to believe his testimony about Christ. On the other hand, it would have been political folly for the Pharisees to attack the legitimacy of John the Baptist or deny his authority as a prophet of God. John was enormously popular with the people, and a martyr at the hands of the despised Herod. For the Pharisees to question John's authority was to attack a national hero, and they knew better than that. So they pleaded ignorance (Luk 20:7).
Bible Cross References
Matthew 16:7 Matthew 21:25 Luke 20:4 Luke 20:6

Verse 6

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 11:9 Luke 7:29 Luke 7:30 Luke 20:5 Luke 20:7

Verse 7

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:6 Luke 20:8

Verse 8

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The priests and scribes question Christ's authority.
Men often pretend to examine the evidences of revelation, and the truth of the gospel, when only seeking excuses for their own unbelief and disobedience. Christ answered these priests and scribes with a plain question about the baptism of John, which the common people could answer. They all knew it was from heaven, nothing in it had an earthly tendency. Those that bury the knowledge they have, are justly denied further knowledge. It was just with Christ to refuse to give account of his authority, to those who knew the baptism of John to be from heaven, yet would not believe in him, nor own their knowledge.
McArther Bible Commentary
Neither will I tell you. Jesus exposed the hypocrisy of the question, unmasking their evil motives. He wasted no truth on them (cf. Mat 7:6).
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:7 Luke 20:9

Verse 9

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
A long time - It was a long time from the entrance of the Israelites into Canaan to the birth of Christ. (Matthew 21:33) ; (Mark 12:1) .
McArther Bible Commentary
See notes on Mat 21:33-45; Mar 12:1-12.
Bible Cross References
Isaiah 5:1 Matthew 21:33 Matthew 21:34 Mark 12:1 Luke 20:8 Luke 20:10

Verse 10

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 21:34 Luke 20:9 Luke 20:11

Verse 11

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Mark 12:4 Luke 20:10 Luke 20:12

Verse 12

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:11 Luke 20:13

Verse 13

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
McArther Bible Commentary
beloved son. Both Luke and Mark recorded this expression, which makes clear that the son in the parable is an illustration of Christ (see note on Mat 21:37).
Bible Cross References
Ezekiel 12:3 Luke 18:2 Luke 18:4 Luke 20:12 Luke 20:14

Verse 14

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 16:7 Matthew 21:34 Luke 20:13 Luke 20:15

Verse 15

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:14 Luke 20:16

Verse 16

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
He will destroy these husbandmen - Probably he pointed to the scribes, chief priests, and elders: who allowed, he will miserably destroy those wicked men, (Matthew 21:41) ; but could not bear that this should be applied to themselves. They might also mean, God forbid that we should be guilty of such a crime as your parable seems to charge us with, namely, rejecting and killing the heir. Our Saviour answers, But yet will ye do it, as is prophesied of you.
McArther Bible Commentary
destroy those vinedressers. This probably pictures the destruction of Jerusalem (see note on Luk 19:43). give the vineyard to others. See note on Luk 21:24. Certainly not! Only Luke recorded this hostile reaction from the crowd. The response suggests that they grasped the meaning of the parable.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 21:34 Matthew 21:41 Mark 12:9 Luke 19:27 Luke 20:15 Romans 3:4 Romans 3:6 Romans 3:31 Romans 6:2 Romans 6:15 Romans 7:7 Romans 7:13 Romans 9:14 Romans 11:1 Romans 11:11 1 Corinthians 6:15 Galatians 2:17 Galatians 3:21 Galatians 6:14

Verse 17

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
He looked on them - To sharpen their attention. (Psalms 118:22) .
McArther Bible Commentary
Quoted from Psa 118:22.
Bible Cross References
Psalm 118:22 Isaiah 28:16 Zechariah 10:4 Matthew 21:42 Ephesians 2:20 1 Peter 2:6

Verse 18

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 21:45) .
McArther Bible Commentary
Whoever falls … on whomever it falls. See note on Mat 21:44. The expression was a quotation from Isa 8:13-15, which speaks of Jehovah. Like so many other OT passages applied to Christ, it proves that He was Jehovah incarnate.
Bible Cross References
Isaiah 8:15 Matthew 21:44

Verse 19

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The parable of the vineyard and husbandmen.
Christ spake this parable against those who resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was so full. How many resemble the Jews who murdered the prophets and crucified Christ, in their enmity to God, and aversion to his service, desiring to live according to their lusts, without control! Let all who are favoured with God's word, look to it that they make proper use of their advantages. Awful will be the doom, both of those who reject the Son, and of those who profess to reverence Him, yet render not the fruits in due season. Though they could not but own that for such a sin, such a punishment was just, yet they could not bear to hear of it. It is the folly of sinners, that they persevere in sinful ways, though they dread the destruction at the end of those ways.
Bible Cross References
Mark 11:18 Luke 19:47

Verse 20

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Just men - Men of a tender conscience. To take hold of his discourse - If he answered as they hoped he would. (Matthew 22:16) ; (Mark 12:12) .
McArther Bible Commentary
spies. The fact that the Jewish leaders resorted to such tactics is a measure of their desperation. They could not find any legitimate reason to accuse Him (cf. Luk 6:7; Luk 11:53-54; Mat 22:15; Mat 26:59-60). the governor. I.e., Pilate, who was in town for the coming Passover and Feast of Unleavened Bread (see note on Mat 27:2).
Bible Cross References
Daniel 6:4 Matthew 22:15 Matthew 27:2 Mark 3:2 Mark 12:13 Luke 11:54 Luke 20:21 Luke 20:26

Verse 21

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Thou speakest - In private, and teachest - In public.
McArther Bible Commentary
See notes on Mat 22:16-21; Mar 12:13-17.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 22:16 Luke 20:20 Luke 20:22

Verse 22

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
McArther Bible Commentary
This was the second in a series of questions designed to entrap Him. This question was raised by the Pharisees and Herodians (Mar 12:13). See notes on verses Luk 20:2, Luk 20:33.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 17:25 Luke 20:21 Luke 20:23 Luke 23:2 Romans 13:7

Verse 23

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:22 Luke 20:24 Acts 13:10 Ephesians 4:14

Verse 24

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
Show me a penny - A Roman penny, which was the money that was usually paid on that occasion.
McArther Bible Commentary
Whose image. The image on the denarius was one of the main reasons the Jews chafed at the poll tax. They claimed it was a violation of the commandment against graven images, and since Caesar pretended to a position tantamount to deity, the paying of the tax was unlawful worship-and in the minds of many, tantamount to gross idolatry. See notes on Mat 22:19; Mar 12:16.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 20:2 Matthew 22:20 Luke 20:23 Luke 20:25

Verse 25

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
McArther Bible Commentary
Render therefore to Caesar. Christ thus recognized that all citizens have duties to the secular state, as well as duties to God-and He recognized a legitimate distinction between the two (see notes on Mat 22:21; Mar 12:17).
Bible Cross References
Matthew 22:21 Mark 12:17 Luke 20:24 Romans 13:7

Verse 26

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Of giving tribute.
Those who are most crafty in their designs against Christ and his gospel, cannot hide them. He did not give a direct answer, but reproved them for offering to impose upon him; and they could not fasten upon any thing wherewith to stir up either the governor or the people against him. The wisdom which is from above, will direct all who teach the way of God truly, to avoid the snares laid for them by wicked men; and will teach our duty to God, to our rulers, and to all men, so clearly, that opposers will have no evil to say of us.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
They could not take hold of his words before the people - As they did afterward before the sanhedrim, in the absence of the people, (Luke 22:67) , &c.
Bible Cross References
Daniel 6:4 Matthew 8:10 Luke 11:54 Luke 20:20

Verse 27

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 22:23) ; (Mark 12:18) .
McArther Bible Commentary
See notes on Mat 22:23-32; Mar 12:18-27.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 22:23 Mark 12:18 Acts 23:8

Verse 28

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Deuteronomy 25:5) .
McArther Bible Commentary
his brother should take his wife. According to the law of levirate marriage outlined in Deu 25:5 (see note on Mat 22:24).
Bible Cross References
Deuteronomy 25:5 Luke 20:29

Verse 29

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:28 Luke 20:30

Verse 30

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:29 Luke 20:31

Verse 31

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:30 Luke 20:32

Verse 32

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:31 Luke 20:33

Verse 33

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
McArther Bible Commentary
This was the third in a series of questions designed to entrap Jesus. This question was raised by the Sadducees (Luk 20:27). See notes on verses Luk 20:2, Luk 20:22. Mat 22:34-40 and Mar 12:28-34 recorded one last question raised by a scribe. Luke omitted it from his record.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:32 Luke 20:34

Verse 34

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
The children of this world - The inhabitants of earth, marry and are given in marriage - As being all subject to the law of mortality; so that the species is in need of being continually repaired.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 12:32 Luke 16:8 Luke 20:33

Verse 35

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
But they who obtain that world - Which they enter into, before the resurrection of the dead.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 12:32 Mark 10:42 Luke 16:8 2 Thessalonians 1:5

Verse 36

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
They are the children of God - In a more eminent sense when they rise again.
McArther Bible Commentary
equal to the angels. I.e., like the angels in that they do not procreate (see note on Mat 22:30).
Bible Cross References
Romans 8:16 1 John 3:1 1 John 3:2

Verse 37

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
That the dead are raised, even Moses, as well as the other prophets showed, when he calleth - That is, when he recites the words which God spoke of himself, I am the God of Abraham, (Matthew 22:32) . It cannot properly be said, that God is the God of any who are totally perished. (Exodus 3:6) .
McArther Bible Commentary
the burning bush passage. Exo. 3:1-4:17. In that passage God identified Himself to Moses as the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob-using the present tense. He didn't say He was their God, but "I AM" their God, indicating that their existence had not ended with their deaths.
Bible Cross References
Exodus 3:2 Exodus 3:6 Mark 12:26

Verse 38

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
Concerning the resurrection.
It is common for those who design to undermine any truth of God, to load it with difficulties. But we wrong ourselves, and wrong the truth of Christ, when we form our notions of the world of spirits by this world of sense. There are more worlds than one; a present visible world, and a future unseen world; and let every one compare this world and that world, and give the preference in his thoughts and cares to that which deserves them. Believers shall obtain the resurrection from the dead, that is the blessed resurrection. What shall be the happy state of the inhabitants of that world, we cannot express or conceive, (1 Corinthians 2:9). Those that are entered into the joy of their Lord, are entirely taken up therewith; when there is perfection of holiness there will be no occasion for preservatives from sin. And when God called himself the God of these patriarchs, he meant that he was a God all-sufficient to them, (Genesis 17:1), their exceeding great Reward, (Genesis 15:1). He never did that for them in this world, which answered the full extent of his undertaking; therefore there must be another life, in which he will do that for them, which will completely fulfil the promise.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
He is not a God of the dead, or, there is no God of the dead - That is, tho term God implies such a relation, as cannot possibly subsist between him and the dead; who in the Sadducees' sense are extinguished spirits; who could neither worship him, nor receive good from him. So that all live to him - All who have him for their God, live to and enjoy him. This sentence is not an argument for what went before; but the proposition which was to be proved. And the consequence is apparently just. For as all the faithful are the children of Abraham, and the Divine promise of being a God to him and his seed is entailed upon them, it implies their continued existence and happiness in a future state as much as Abraham's. And as the body is an essential part of man, it implies both his resurrection and theirs; and so overthrows the entire scheme of the Sadducean doctrine.
McArther Bible Commentary
all live to Him. Only Luke records this phrase. All people-whether departed from their earthly bodies or not-are still living, and will live forever. No one is annihilated in death (cf. Joh 5:28-30).
Bible Cross References
Matthew 22:32 Mark 12:27 Luke 20:39 Romans 14:8

Verse 39

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
McArther Bible Commentary
Teacher, You have spoken well. Christ had given a powerful argument for the resurrection of the dead and, on that subject, the Pharisees agreed with Him against the Sadducees. This scribe, in spite of his hatred for Christ, was pleased with the answer He had given.
Bible Cross References
Mark 12:28 Luke 20:38 Luke 20:40

Verse 40

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
They durst not ask him any question - The Sadducees durst not. One of the scribes did, presently after.
McArther Bible Commentary
they dared not question Him. The more questions He answered, the clearer it became that His understanding and authority were vastly superior to that of the scribes and Pharisees. Cf. Mat 22:46; Mar 12:34.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 22:46 Luke 14:6 Luke 20:39

Verse 41

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 22:41) ; (Mark 12:35) .
McArther Bible Commentary
After the Jewish leaders gave up questioning Him, Christ turned the tables and posed a question to them. See notes on Mat 22:42-45; Mar 12:35-37.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 9:27 Matthew 22:41 Mark 12:35

Verse 42

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Psalms 110:1) .
McArther Bible Commentary
Quoted from Psa 110:1.
Bible Cross References
Psalm 110:1 Luke 20:43

Verse 43

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
Bible Cross References
Psalm 110:1 Luke 20:44

Verse 44

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
Bible Cross References
Luke 20:43 Luke 20:45

Verse 45

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
McArther Bible Commentary
See notes on Mar 12:38-40.
Bible Cross References
Matthew 23:1 Mark 12:38 Luke 20:44

Verse 46

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 23:5) .
Bible Cross References
Matthew 23:1 Matthew 23:6 Luke 11:43 Luke 14:7 Luke 20:47

Verse 47

Matthew Henry's Concise Bible Commentary
The scribes silenced.
The scribes commended the reply Christ made to the Sadducees about the resurrection, but they were silenced by a question concerning the Messiah. Christ, as God, was David's Lord; but Christ, as man, was David's son. The scribes would receive the severest judgement for defrauding the poor widows, and for their abuse of religion, particularly of prayer, which they used as a pretence for carrying on worldly and wicked plans. Dissembled piety is double sin. Then let us beg of God to keep us from pride, ambition, covetousness, and every evil thing; and to teach us to seek that honour which comes from him alone.
John Wesley's Bible Commentary
(Matthew 23:14) .
Bible Cross References
Matthew 23:13 Matthew 23:14 Mark 12:40 Luke 20:46 Luke 21:1